Multi-speaker utterances and co-ordination in task-oriented dialogueJournal of Pragmatics, Vol. 38, No. 5. (May 2006), pp. 718-744.
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摘要We investigate task-oriented dialogue where utterances are produced by several agents. Starting out from an example where a directive is initiated by one agent and completed by the addressee, we explain under which conditions co-ordinations of this type can be successful. The explanatory devices developed are `action schema' and `sufficiently informative proposition'. We argue that propositions embedded in directives must be sufficiently informative for an agent to execute a task-relevant action. We further suggest that agents' co-ordination on sufficiently informative propositions may be taken as a measure of co-ordination in dialogue. Using this idea, we show how co-ordination in a full task-oriented dialogue develops. Finally, we demonstrate that agents' "pointwise" co-ordination can be explained using Asher-Morreau defeasible inference, a version of the Lascarides-Asher Practical Syllogism (PS), as well as additional principles such as a Co-operativity Principle and a Principle of Transparency, saying `Make assumed conformity of interests and intentions publicly known'. Our proposals would entail that any theory of dialogue would have to be based on co-ordination; in addition, the proposals would have repercussions on the notions of proposition, mutuality, and common ground.
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